Processing, food industry and biochemistry
Seyed Mohammad Reza Naghibi Hoseini; Hossein Ali Akhlaghi Amiri; Ali Garmroudi Asil; Mahmoud Mohammadzadeh; Abbas Hemmati Kakhki
Abstract
Saffron petals are known as one of the richest sources of anthocyanin. Considering the significant production statistics of this plant and high consumption of anthocyanin as an authorized food color in Iran, its industrial extraction can be worthy to be considered. In this study, with an industrial approach ...
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Saffron petals are known as one of the richest sources of anthocyanin. Considering the significant production statistics of this plant and high consumption of anthocyanin as an authorized food color in Iran, its industrial extraction can be worthy to be considered. In this study, with an industrial approach (determination of parameters considering industrial extraction), conditions for extracting monomeric anthocyanin from saffron petals using a single solvent of citric acid have been investigated, for the first time. Among the reasons for this choice to replace other solvents studied in previous studies, we can mention the availability and allowability of this substance in the food industry. The variables of solvent to dry plant tissue ratio in the range of 10 to 60 ml/g, extraction temperature in the range of 25 to 35 °C, solvent concentration percentage in the range of 5 to 20 and extraction time of 2 to 120 minutes were considered for this experiment. After obtaining the most appropriate model to the laboratory data output, using the surface-response method, extraction conditions were optimized in order to achieve the highest amount of extracted anthocyanin. According to the obtained coefficients, ratio of solvent to dry petals was recognized as the most significant extraction variable. Solvent ratio to dry petals of 10 ml/g, solvent concentration percentage of 5.04, extraction temperature of 25 °C and extraction time of 179.555 minutes were determined as the optimal extraction conditions. Extraction time of up to 180 minutes was considered to optimize. Model predicted the amount of extracted anthocyanin in the optimal conditions was 688.944 mg/l.
